Segmental Retaining Walls (SRWs) are a popular solution for stabilizing slopes and preventing soil erosion. These are made up of modular, interlocking concrete blocks that are stacked without the use of mortar. Now, you might think, “How can a wall stay stable without mortar?” Well, the absence of mortar actually helps the wall to remain slightly flexible, withstand ground movement, and deal with challenging weather conditions, like freeze-thaw cycles, without cracking.
One of the coolest features of SRWs is their modular design, which gives them the flexibility to take on curved or straight shapes. These walls can be built up to 10 to 15 feet high, with taller walls requiring additional reinforcement. Whether you’re landscaping or involved in a large infrastructure project or stormwater runoff walls, SRWs are a versatile and durable solution for managing water and preventing soil erosion.
Let’s look at the key types of a segmental retaining wall, and how it prevents soil erosion and flooding.
Types of Segmental Retaining Walls (SRWs)
Gravity Segmental Retaining Walls
Gravity segmental retaining walls rely purely on the weight of the concrete blocks and their interlocking design to resist the pressure from the soil behind them. Since they don’t require extra reinforcement like geogrid (geosynthetic material made from polyester, fiberglass, or polymer materials), they are best suited for smaller walls, typically under 4 feet in height. They’re perfect for landscaping projects, garden walls, and pathways where heavy loads aren’t a concern. However, because they don’t have extra support, they must be built on solid ground with proper drainage to prevent shifting over time.
Reinforced Segmental Retaining Walls
Next, we have reinforced segmental retaining walls, which are ideal for taller walls and structures that need extra stability. You’ll see these types of walls along highways, commercial developments, and parking lots, where extra durability is required. These walls use geogrid reinforcement, a strong mesh-like material placed between layers of blocks and extending back into the retained soil.
Geosynthetic-Reinforced Segmental Retaining Walls
This type of SRW uses geosynthetic materials (like geotextiles or geogrid) along with concrete blocks. It is similar to a reinforced SRW but designed specifically for unstable or soft soil conditions, such as near coastal areas, riverbanks, or projects where the ground needs extra stabilization. Geosynthetics are placed within the retained soil to strengthen the ground. This reinforcement spreads out the forces acting on the wall, reducing the risk of settlement or wall failure.
Hybrid Segmental Retaining Walls
For extremely tall walls or difficult terrains, we have hybrid segmental retaining walls that combine the benefits of both gravity and reinforced walls. Instead of relying only on geogrid reinforcement, hybrid walls use mechanical tiebacks, anchors, or soil nails to improve structural integrity.
Hybrid walls are common in bridge abutments, mountain roads, and earthquake-prone regions. Because they require advanced engineering and installation, they tend to be more complex and expensive.
Freestanding Segmental Retaining Walls
Freestanding SRWs are double-sided walls that are not built to retain soil but instead serve as decorative barriers, fences, or seating walls. Normally, a retaining wall holds back soil on one side and is buried on the other. But with a freestanding wall, there’s no soil behind it. So both sides are visible, and no soil pressure to resist on either side. These walls are built using the same interlocking blocks but do not require backfill or reinforcement.
Note: For long-lasting performance, follow professional segmental retaining wall maintenance tips like annual inspections to catch potential problems early and prevent costly repairs.
How do Segmental Retaining Walls Help Prevent Erosion & Flooding?
Restrain Soil Loss Due to Erosion
One of the primary benefits of SRWs is their ability to prevent soil erosion. These walls stabilize the soil by holding it in place and preventing the water from washing away topsoil. Which is essential for vegetation growth and maintaining land integrity.
Reduces Water Runoff Impact
Segmental retaining walls for erosion manage water runoff and flooding effectively by controlling the speed and direction of water flow. By incorporating drainage features within the wall, water is redirected safely and can be channeled away from vulnerable areas such as agricultural land, residential properties, or other critical infrastructures.
Provides Slope Stability
In hilly or sloped areas, SRWs are used to terrace the land, reducing the gradient of the slope. This stabilization minimizes the risk of landslides or the gradual loss of soil due to water infiltration. A more stable slope is less susceptible to being washed away during heavy rainfall.
Limits Floodwater Encroachment
Having a segmental retaining wall for flood protection acts as a barrier in flood-prone or erosion-prone areas. These walls create a physical barrier along riverbanks, coastlines, or floodplains and redirect or absorb excess water, preventing it from overflowing into adjacent land or infrastructure.
Additionally, installing SRWs makes it more desirable for future use or sale by providing an added layer of protection against these risks. For more information on this topic, read our blog about how retaining walls can enhance your property.
Adaptable to Changing Environmental Conditions
Segmental retaining walls can be adapted or modified as environmental conditions change over time. For instance, in areas experiencing increased rainfall or altered water flow patterns due to climate change, SRWs can be reinforced or expanded to ensure continued protection from erosion and flooding.
Prevents Sediment Flow
By reducing erosion, SRWs prevent the loss of sediment into nearby water bodies. This helps maintain water quality by limiting sedimentation. Which can otherwise lead to water pollution, reduced aquatic life, and clogged drainage systems. In urban areas, this is particularly beneficial for protecting stormwater management systems.
Create a Strong Foundation with Segmental Retaining Walls!
At My Landscape Contractor, we understand that a beautiful landscape starts with a solid foundation.
Our retaining wall contractors in Chicagoland specialize in building segmental retaining walls that not only protect your property from soil runoff but also add a stylish element to your outdoor space. Invest in retaining wall prevention to protect your property from erosion and soil displacement. To get started, request a quote here.
